{"id":1736,"date":"2025-10-10T12:03:39","date_gmt":"2025-10-10T12:03:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/?p=1736"},"modified":"2025-10-13T08:35:42","modified_gmt":"2025-10-13T08:35:42","slug":"neurologia-los-12-trastornos-sensitivos-mas-caracteristicos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/blog\/neurologia-los-12-trastornos-sensitivos-mas-caracteristicos\/","title":{"rendered":"Los 12 trastornos sensitivos m\u00e1s caracter\u00edsticos"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>En todas las <strong>lesiones de los troncos nerviosos perif\u00e9ricos hay hipersensibilidad a la presi\u00f3n<\/strong>. Se producen dolores o parestesias al tacto en un tronco nervioso lesionado o comprimido, similares a los que se sienten cuando por una postura se comprime una rama del ci\u00e1tico y \u00abse duerme una pierna\u00bb. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En un atrapamiento del nervio mediano en el t\u00fanel carpiano se producen parestesias o dolores al comprimir o golpear la cara anterior del carpo (signo de Tinel) y al distorsionar el nervio, bien extendiendo la mu\u00f1eca bien flexion\u00e1ndola al m\u00e1ximo (signo de Phalen). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En el s\u00edndrome de salida del plexo braquial se reproduce el dolor al comprimir en el hueco supraclavicular o al estirar el hombro hacia abajo. En un paciente con ci\u00e1tica por compresi\u00f3n de una ra\u00edz lumbosacra se incrementa el dolor al elevar la pierna estirada sobre el plano de la cama (signo de Las\u00e8gue) y se encuentran puntos dolorosos en el trayecto del nervio ci\u00e1tico en el gl\u00fateo o en el muslo (puntos de Valleix).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Los <strong>trastornos sensitivos m\u00e1s caracter\u00edsticos seg\u00fan la localizaci\u00f3n<\/strong> de las lesiones se esquematizan en las siguientes infograf\u00edas: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"1024\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/34.png?w=1024\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1737\" srcset=\"https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/34.png 1080w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/34.png?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/34.png?resize=300,300 300w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/34.png?resize=768,768 768w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/34.png?resize=1024,1024 1024w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/34.png?resize=120,120 120w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"1024\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/35.png?w=1024\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1738\" srcset=\"https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/35.png 1080w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/35.png?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/35.png?resize=300,300 300w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/35.png?resize=768,768 768w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/35.png?resize=1024,1024 1024w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/35.png?resize=120,120 120w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"1024\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/36.png?w=1024\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1739\" srcset=\"https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/36.png 1080w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/36.png?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/36.png?resize=300,300 300w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/36.png?resize=768,768 768w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/36.png?resize=1024,1024 1024w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/36.png?resize=120,120 120w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"1024\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/37.png?w=1024\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1740\" srcset=\"https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/37.png 1080w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/37.png?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/37.png?resize=300,300 300w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/37.png?resize=768,768 768w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/37.png?resize=1024,1024 1024w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/37.png?resize=120,120 120w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"1024\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/file-5.png?w=1024\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1741\" srcset=\"https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/file-5.png 1080w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/file-5.png?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/file-5.png?resize=300,300 300w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/file-5.png?resize=768,768 768w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/file-5.png?resize=1024,1024 1024w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/file-5.png?resize=120,120 120w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Infograf\u00edas de los patrones de distribuci\u00f3n y tipo de sensibilidad afectada en algunas de las lesiones m\u00e1s comunes de los sistemas nerviosos central y perif\u00e9rico. Los l\u00edmites de los defectos est\u00e1n dibujados como n\u00edtidos, pero en realidad son difusos.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-cf9dd0f5 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"border-radius:28px;background-color:#eee7d7\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"562\" height=\"750\" src=\"https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/9788413822792_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1742\" style=\"width:127px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/9788413822792_1.jpg 562w, https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2025\/10\/9788413822792_1.jpg?resize=225,300 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 562px) 100vw, 562px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p>Contenido adaptado de <strong><em>Neurolog\u00eda<\/em><\/strong>, J.J. Zarranz, 7\u00aa edici\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Disponible en formato impreso, eBook y en <a href=\"https:\/\/www.clinicalkey.com\/student\/content\/toc\/3-s2.0-C20210026559\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ClinicalKey Student<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cons\u00edguela en tu librer\u00eda m\u00e1s cercana<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/es-es\/promotions\/mapa-de-librerias\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> aqu\u00ed.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En todas las lesiones de los troncos nerviosos perif\u00e9ricos hay hipersensibilidad a la presi\u00f3n. Se producen dolores o parestesias al tacto en un tronco nervioso lesionado o comprimido, similares a los que se sienten cuando por una postura se comprime una rama del ci\u00e1tico y \u00abse duerme una pierna\u00bb. En un atrapamiento del nervio mediano [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":164,"featured_media":1743,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,56,55],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1736","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-enfermeria","category-medicina"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Los 12 trastornos sensitivos m\u00e1s caracter\u00edsticos - Student Hub Spain<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A trav\u00e9s de cuatro visuales infograf\u00edas te mostramos las carecter\u00edsticas de los trastornos sensitivos m\u00e1s carecter\u00edsticos seg\u00fan localizaci\u00f3n.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/studenthub.elsevier.com\/es\/blog\/neurologia-los-12-trastornos-sensitivos-mas-caracteristicos\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Los 12 trastornos sensitivos m\u00e1s caracter\u00edsticos - 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